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Singularity formation in the harmonic map flow with free boundary

https://doi.org/10.1353/ajm.2023.a902958

Sire, Yannick; Wei, Juncheng; Zheng, Youquan (August 2023, American Journal of Mathematics)

abstract: In the past years, there has been a new light shed on the harmonic map problem with free boundary in view of its connection with nonlocal equations. Here we fully exploit this link, considering the harmonic map flow with free boundary $$ (0.1)\hskip77pt\cases{u_t=\Delta u& in $$\Bbb{R}^2_+\times (0,T)$$,\cr u(x,0,t)\in\Bbb{S}^1& for all $$(x,0,t)\in\partial\Bbb{R}^2_+\times (0,T)$$,\cr {du\over dy}(x,0,t)\perp T_{u(x,0,t)}\Bbb{S}^1& for all $$(x,0,t)\in\partial\Bbb{R}^2_+\times (0,T)$$,\cr u(\cdot, 0)=u_0& in $$\Bbb{R}^2_+$} $$ for a function $$u:\Bbb{R}^2_+\times [0,T)\to\Bbb{R}^2$$. Here $$u_0 :\Bbb{R}^2_+\to\Bbb{R}^2$$ is a given smooth map and $$\perp$$ stands for orthogonality. We prove the existence of initial data $$u_0$$ such that (0.1) blows up at finite time with a profile being the half-harmonic map. This answers a question raised by Chen and Lin.

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